- Ininkqubo yomlilo yeoli ye-thermal, ukhetho lwempompo luchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukuthembeka, ukuzinza kunye neendleko zokusebenza kwenkqubo. Impompo enye kunye nempompo emibini (idla ngokubhekisa kwi "enye yokusetyenziswa kunye neyokulinda" okanye uyilo olunxuseneyo) zineenzuzo zazo kunye nokungalunganga. Oku kulandelayo kuhlalutya izibonelelo zabo kunye nokungalunganga ukusuka kwimilinganiselo emininzi ukuze ukwazi ukukhetha ngokweemfuno zokwenyani:
1. Inkqubo yempompo enye (impompo yokujikeleza enye)
Izinto eziluncedo:
1. Isakhiwo esilula kunye notyalo-mali lokuqala oluphantsi. Inkqubo yepompo enye ayifuni iimpompo ezongezelelweyo, iivalve zokulawula kunye neesekethe zokutshintsha. Iindleko zokuthengwa kwezixhobo, ukufakwa kwemibhobho kunye nenkqubo yokulawula iyancipha kakhulu, eyona nto ifaneleke kakhulu encinciiziko leoli thermalokanye iimeko ezinohlahlo lwabiwo-mali olunyiniweyo.
2. Ukuhlala kwindawo encinci kunye nokugcinwa okufanelekileyo. Uyilo lwesistim luncinci, lunciphisa iimfuno zendawo yegumbi lokupompoza okanye igumbi lezixhobo; ipompo enye kuphela kufuneka ihlawulwe ingqwalasela ngexesha lokugcinwa, kunye nenani elincinci leendawo zokuphumla kunye nemisebenzi elula yokugcinwa, efanelekileyo kwizihlandlo ezinobuncwane obuncinci bokugcinwa.
3. Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla okulawulwayo (imeko yomthwalo ophantsi) Ukuba umthwalo wenkqubo uzinzile kwaye uphantsi, umpompo omnye unokufanisa amandla afanelekileyo ukuphepha ukusetyenziswa kwamandla amaninzi xa iimpompo ezimbini zisebenza (ingakumbi phantsi kweemeko zomthwalo ongekho ngokupheleleyo).
Izinto ezingeloncedo:
1. Ukuthembeka okuphantsi kunye nomngcipheko ophezulu wokunciphisa ixesha. Xa impompo enye ingaphumeleli (njengokuvuza kwetywina lomatshini, ukuthwala umonakalo, ukugqithiswa kwemoto, njl. njl.), ukujikeleza kweoli yokuhambisa ubushushu kuphazamiseka ngokukhawuleza, okukhokelela ekugqithiseni kunye ne-carbonization ye-oyile yokudlulisa ubushushu eziko, kunye nomonakalo wezixhobo okanye iingozi zokhuseleko, ezichaphazela kakhulu imveliso eqhubekayo.
2. Ayikwazanga ukuziqhelanisa ngokulula nokutshintsha komthwalo. Xa inkqubo yokushisa ukushisa kwenyuka ngokukhawuleza (ezifana nezixhobo ezininzi zokusebenzisa ukushisa ziqala ngexesha elifanayo), ukuhamba kunye noxinzelelo lwempompo enye ayinakuhlangabezana nemfuno, okubangelwa ukulibaziseka okanye ukulawulwa kokushisa okungazinzanga.
3. Ukugcinwa kufuna ukuvalwa, okuchaphazela imveliso. Xa ipompo enye igcinwa okanye itshintshiwe, yonke inkqubo yeoli yokutshintshwa kobushushu kufuneka imiswe. Kwiimeko ze-24-iyure eziqhubekayo zokuvelisa (ezifana neekhemikhali kunye nokulungiswa kokutya), ukulahlekelwa kwexesha lokunciphisa kukhulu.
- 2. Inkqubo yempompo ephindwe kabini ("enye esebenzayo kwaye enye ikwimo yokulinda" okanye uyilo olunxuseneyo)Izinto eziluncedo:
1. Ukuthembeka okuphezulu, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuqhubekayo
◦ Enye iyasebenza kwaye enye ikwimowudi yokulinda: Xa impompo yokusebenza ingaphumeleli, impompo yokulinda inokuqaliswa kwangoko ngesixhobo esizitshintshayo esizenzekelayo (esifana nokudityaniswa kwesivamvo soxinzelelo) ukunqanda ukuvalwa kwendlela. Ifanelekile kwiimeko ezineemfuno eziphezulu zokuqhubeka (ezifana ne-petrochemical kunye nemigca yokuvelisa amayeza).
◦ Imodi yokusebenza ehambelanayo: Inani leempompo ezinokuvulwa liyakwazi ukulungelelaniswa ngokomthwalo (njengepompo ye-1 kumthwalo ophantsi kunye neepompo ze-2 kumthwalo ophezulu), kunye nemfuno yokuhamba inokuthi ihambelane ngokuguquguqukayo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ulawulo oluzinzileyo lokushisa.
1. Ukugcinwa ngokufanelekileyo kunye nokunciphisa ixesha lokunciphisa Ipompo yokulinda ingahlolwa okanye igcinwe kwimeko eqhubayo ngaphandle kokuphazamisa inkqubo; nokuba impompo esebenzayo iyasilela, ngokuqhelekileyo ithatha imizuzwana embalwa ukuya kwimizuzu embalwa ukutshintshela kwimpompo yokulinda, enciphisa kakhulu ilahleko yemveliso.
2. Ukulungelelanisa umthwalo ophezulu kunye neemeko zokuguquguquka Xa iipompo ezimbini zixhunywe ngokufanayo, umlinganiselo ophezulu wokuhamba uphindwe kabini kumpompo omnye, onokuhlangabezana neemfuno ezinkulu.iziko leoli thermalokanye iinkqubo ezinokuguquguquka okukhulu komthwalo we-thermal (njengokutshintshana kokusetyenziswa kobushushu kwiinkqubo ezininzi), ukuphepha ukuncipha kokusebenza kokufudumeza ngenxa yokungaphumeleli kokuhamba.
3. Ukwandisa ubomi benkonzo yempompo Imodi ye-one-in-one-standby ingenza iipompo ezimbini zigqoke ngokulinganayo ngokujikeleza iipompo ngamaxesha aqhelekileyo (njengokutshintsha kanye ngeveki), ukunciphisa ukukhathala kwempompo enye ngexesha lokusebenza kwexesha elide kunye nokunciphisa i-frequency yokugcina.
- Izinto ezingeloncedo:
1. Utyalo-mali oluphezulu lokuqala lufuna ukuthengwa kwempompo eyongezelelweyo, iipayipi ezixhasayo, ii-valve (ezifana ne-check valves, ii-switching valves), iikhabhinethi zokulawula kunye neenkqubo zokutshintsha ngokuzenzekelayo. Indleko iyonke yi-30% ~ 50% ephezulu kuneyo yenkqubo yempompo enye, ngakumbi kwiinkqubo ezincinci.
2. Ubunzima benkqubo ephezulu, ukunyuka kweendleko zokufakela kunye nokugcinwa. Inkqubo yokumpompa kabini ifuna uyilo lwemibhobho entsonkothileyo (efana noyilo lwemibhobho enxuseneyo), enokwandisa iindawo zokuvuza; ingqiqo yolawulo (efana nengqiqo yokutshintsha okuzenzekelayo, ukukhuselwa komthwalo ogqithisiweyo) kufuneka ihlaziywe kakuhle, kwaye ubume bazo zombini iimpompo kufuneka ziqwalaselwe ngexesha lokugcinwa, kwaye iintlobo kunye nobuninzi beendawo ezisecaleni zinyuka.
3. Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kunokuba phezulu (ezinye iimeko zokusebenza). Ukuba inkqubo isebenza kumthwalo ophantsi ixesha elide, ukuvulwa ngaxeshanye kweempompo ezimbini kunokubangela ukuba "amahashe amakhulu adonsa iinqwelo ezincinci", ukusebenza kwempompo kuyancipha, kwaye ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kuphezulu kunompompo omnye; ngeli xesha, kuyimfuneko ukwandisa ngolawulo lokuguqulwa kwamaza okanye ukusebenza kwempompo enye, kodwa kuya kwandisa iindleko ezongezelelweyo.
4. Indawo enkulu efunekayo ifuna indawo yofakelo lweempompo ezimbini eziza kugcinwa, kunye neemfuno zesithuba sendawo yokumpompa okanye ukunyuka kwegumbi lezixhobo, ezinokuthi zingabi nobuhlobo kwiimeko ezinendawo encinci (efana neeprojekthi zokuvuselela).
3. Iingcebiso zokukhetha: Isigqibo esisekelwe kwiimeko zesicelo
Iimeko apho inkqubo yempompo enye ikhethwayo:
• Encinciioyile ye-thermal(umz. amandla e-thermal <500kW), umthwalo ozinzileyo wobushushu kunye nemveliso engaqhubekiyo (umzekelo, izixhobo zokufudumeza okwethutyana eziqala kwaye ziyeke kanye ngemini).
• Iimeko apho iimfuno zokuthembeka zingekho phezulu, ukuvalwa kwexesha elifutshane ukulungiselela ukulungiswa kuvumelekile, kwaye ilahleko yokuvalwa incinci (umz. izixhobo zaselabhoratri, izixhobo zokufudumeza ezincinci).
• Uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali oluqingqwe ngokungqongqo, kwaye inkqubo inemilinganiselo yokuxhasa (umzekelo impompo yokugcina ikopi yethutyana yangaphandle).
Iimeko apho inkqubo yokumpompa kabini ikhethwa:
• Enkuluioyile ye-thermal(amandla e-thermal ≥1000kW), okanye imigca yokuvelisa ekufuneka iqhube ngokuqhubekayo iiyure ezingama-24 (umz. ii-reactors zekhemikhali, imigca yokubhaka ukutya).
• Iimeko apho ukuchaneka kokulawula ubushushu kuphezulu kunye nokuguquguquka kwamaqondo obushushu ngenxa yokungaphumeleli kwempompo akuvumelekanga (umz. iikhemikhali ezintle, i-pharmaceutical synthesis).
• Iinkqubo ezinokuguquguquka okukhulu komthwalo we-thermal kunye nohlengahlengiso lokuhamba rhoqo (umz. izixhobo ezininzi ezisebenzisa ubushushu ziqalwa ngokutshintshanayo).
• Iimeko apho ugcino lunzima okanye ilahleko yokuvala iphezulu (umz. izixhobo ezikude zangaphandle, amaqonga akude nonxweme), umsebenzi wokutshintsha okuzenzekelayo kunokunciphisa ungenelelo olwenziwa ngesandla.
Ukuba ufuna ukwazi ngakumbi malunga nemveliso yethu, ncedaQhagamshelana nathi!
Ixesha lokuposa: Jun-06-2025
